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Added "Duplicated text" as guidance to fulfil the 1.4.5 Images of Text success criterion in the Understanding Document #3773

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Added "Duplicated text" as guidance to fulfil the 1.4.5 Images of Text success criterion in the Understanding Document #3773

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Include duplicated text as solution to address images of text
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Expand Up @@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ <h2>Intent of Images of Text</h2>
<p>Images of text can also be used where it is possible for users to customize the image
of text to match their requirements.
</p>

<p>If it is not possible to replace an image of text with actual text or to allow users to customize the image, the author must provide an [accessible alternative](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#h-note-47) by duplicating the meaning or content of the image in text form.
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If the information within the image permits the author to replicate the text verbatim, this should be the preferred approach.
However, if converting the visual image to text results in a loss of meaning or readability, it is acceptable to convey the same message by adding or altering some words.
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</p>
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@giacomo-petri giacomo-petri Jul 27, 2024 •
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Based on yesterday's discussion, I have drafted a new proposal with a different approach to avoid any ambiguity or conflict with the normative portion of the SC:

Proposal:

Suggested change
<p>If it is not possible to replace an image of text with actual text or to allow users to customize the image, the author must provide an [accessible alternative](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#cc2) by duplicating the meaning or content of the image in text form.
The alternative could replicate the text verbatim. If converting the visual image to text results in a loss of meaning or readability, the author could add or alter some words to convey the style, emphasis, or any other meaning that was lost.
</p>
<p>An image of text accompanied by visible text that replicates its content verbatim is exempt from this success criterion, as the image is not used to convey information but serves a decorative purpose, with the text providing the actual information.
Moreover, the text does not always need to replicate the image of text content exactly. Verbatim replication might result in a loss of meaning or readability. Authors can modify or add words to convey style, emphasis, or other meanings that could be lost in a direct replication.
</p>

If the group is ok with this proposal, I will also revise the examples to better align with the changes.

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@patrickhlauke patrickhlauke Jul 28, 2024 •
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I would actually suggest dropping this, and the previous change (lines 47-50), and maybe instead just adding something like the following (which I think is getting to the same point as we discussed):

<div class="note">
  <p>The Success Criterion is scoped to situations where <a>images of text</a> are used <em>rather than</em> text. If a page has an image of text, but also contains visible text that duplicates the textual content of the image and conveys the same meaning, then this Success Criterion does not apply.</p>
</div>

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@mbgower mbgower Aug 2, 2024 •
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I'm not sure that it doesn't apply, so much as that it meets the requirement.
If text is used, it's met. I'm wondering if we're able to align on some concept and wording like this:

Note: The Success Criterion is intended to address situations where images of text are used rather than text. Where images of text are used in addition to text to convey the same information -- where both are presented to the user -- this success criterion is met. This allows authors to convey content using any styling they desire, while also presenting the information in text, which can then be manipulated by users to make it more distinguishable.

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@mbgower mbgower Aug 9, 2024 •
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I agree that I'm inclined not to include new content that would open the Pandora's box regarding how much the text may deviate from the same information provided in the image of text before this SC is no longer met via this rationale.
If we decide to strip out some of the other additions, I'm thinking this might work best as a note as a third-to-last paragraph in the Intent section.


<p>The definition of image of text contains the note: Note: This does not include text that is part of a picture that contains significant
other visual content. Examples of such pictures include graphs, screenshots, and diagrams which visually
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -130,6 +135,14 @@ <h2>Examples of Images of Text</h2>
<dt>Customizable font settings in images of text</dt>
<dd>A Web site allows users to specify font settings and all images of text on the site
are then provided based on those settings.</dd>
<dt>The text replicates an image of text</dt>
<dd>The CMS (content management system) allows content creators to incorporate both an image and a caption.
While an image of text is utilized, the identical message is also presented as text directly beneath the image.</dd>
<dt>The text conveys the same meaning as the image of text</dt>
<dd>In a banner, textual information is combined with graphical content. Simply replicating
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@mbgower mbgower Aug 9, 2024

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I'm having difficulty picturing this. We could mabye include an example? Otherwise, I'm inclined to not add this last example.

the text alone would result in incomplete and meaningless content. Therefore, the image of the text
is accompanied by a visible textual alternative that conveys the same meaning, even if the text
does not exactly replicate the image word for word.</dd>
</dl>

</section>
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