docs(python): Rename Getting Started to Getting Started by Example

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• I have read and followed the Contributing docs, especially the "First-time contributing?" section.
• This PR has content that I did not fully write myself.
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• I have the experience and knowledge necessary to understand, review, and validate all content in this PR.¹

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This PR closes the first task of this meta issue: #5692

The issue linked above provides full context but for a rough summary, the following discussion #4853 led to an agreed upon new approach for what the documentation structure should be. Those changes were made within the Java docs via several PRs and this is applying that same effort to the Python docs in smaller, more reviewable, changes.

Footnotes

1. Yes, I can answer maintainer questions about the content of this PR, without using AI. ↩

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• ✅ login: proxence / name: Alex Breazu (048e85d, 214673e, bd182b0)

[proxence]

@maryliag Thank you so much for the approval! I forgot to create a branch within my fork when creating this PR so the checks were failing, if it's not too much trouble could you take a look at this PR that fixes that issue please? #9710