chore: Update actions to use Node24

[moduli]

Description

This PR updates github action workflows to mitigate Node20 deprecation warnings.

Here's one example of a warning

Node.js 20 actions are deprecated. The following actions are running on Node.js 20 and may not work as expected: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c. Actions will be forced to run with Node.js 24 by default starting June 2nd, 2026. Node.js 20 will be removed from the runner on September 16th, 2026. Please check if updated versions of these actions are available that support Node.js 24. To opt into Node.js 24 now, set the FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24=true environment variable on the runner or in your workflow file. Once Node.js 24 becomes the default, you can temporarily opt out by setting ACTIONS_ALLOW_USE_UNSECURE_NODE_VERSION=true. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/

https://hashicorp.atlassian.net/browse/ICU-18777

PCI review checklist

• I have documented a clear reason for, and description of, the change I am making.
• If applicable, I've documented a plan to revert these changes if they require more than reverting the pull request.
• If applicable, I've documented the impact of any changes to security controls.
  Examples of changes to security controls include using new access control methods, adding or removing logging pipelines, etc.

[moduli]

Waiting on updates on the following actions

• hashicorp/actions-go-build (UPDATED)
• hashicorp/actions-set-product-version (UPDATED)
• hashicorp/actions-generate-metadata (NO UPDATES NEEDED)
• hashicorp/actions-packaging-linux (NO UPDATES NEEDED)
• hashicorp/actions-docker-build (UPDATED)
• hashicorp/vault-action