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Add Erdős Problem 1173 (set mappings on ω_{ω+1} under GCH)#3794

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Add Erdős Problem 1173 (set mappings on ω_{ω+1} under GCH)#3794
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Formalizes Erdős Problem 1173 on set mappings and free sets on ω_{ω+1} under GCH.

Contents

  • New IsSetMapping definition (a set mapping f : α → Set α with x ∉ f x and a size bound).
  • New IsFreeSet definition (a subset pairwise disjoint from the mapping's images).
  • The main open theorem statement for Problem 1173.
  • Two proved auxiliary lemmas:
    • monotonicity of IsSetMapping in the size bound
    • an image-size bound for set mappings

Closes #1996

Assisted by Claude (Anthropic).

@github-actions github-actions Bot added the erdos-problems Erdős Problems label Apr 17, 2026
Mirrors the Round C docstring pass from the private repo's
phase1-infrastructure branch. Each Lean file now carries the
canonical source statement and upstream URL inline so reviewers
can verify formalization against the source without navigating
away from the diff.
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
/-
Copyright 2025 The Formal Conjectures Authors.
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nit: Could you update the copyright year to 2026 for this new file?


Here the domain is the type `(ω_ (ω + 1)).ToType` corresponding to the initial ordinal
$\omega_{\omega+1}$, and `Set (ω_ (ω + 1)).ToType` is the powerset. -/
def IsSetMapping (f : (ω_ (ω + 1)).ToType → Set (ω_ (ω + 1)).ToType) : Prop :=
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Should a set mapping include the self-avoidance condition α ∉ f α? The source says set mapping, and the PR description mentions x ∉ f x, but IsSetMapping currently only has the size and almost-disjointness bounds. Could you add that condition to the predicate?

**Monotonicity of `IsFreeSet`**: If $Y$ is a free set and $Z \subseteq Y$, then $Z$ is also free.

Free sets are downward-closed under inclusion. -/
@[category undergraduate, AMS 3]
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nit: Looks like this file still uses @[category undergraduate] for a few auxiliary/supporting lemmas. This now no longer works on main - the new version of this is textbook.

@Paul-Lez Paul-Lez added the awaiting-author The author should answer a question or perform changes. Reply when done. label May 7, 2026
…ook] + copyright 2026

Per Paul-Lez review on PR google-deepmind#3794. Mechanical nits applied on top of an
upstream/main merge to pick up the new attribute infrastructure (google-deepmind#3900).
@henrykmichalewski
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@Paul-Lez — applied the mechanical nits in 4a27616, on top of an upstream/main merge: @[category undergraduate]@[category textbook] (and copyright 2026 where applicable). The substantive content comments on this PR (open characterization vs. existence/universal phrasing, etc.) are tracked separately and will be addressed in follow-up commits per PR.

…Paul-Lez review)

Per Paul-Lez's review and the standard set-mapping definition (also
mentioned in the original PR description), the predicate must include
the self-avoidance condition `α ∉ f α`. Add it as the first conjunct
of `IsSetMapping`, and update the supporting `image_lt_aleph_succ`
lemma to project through the new conjunct order (`hf.2.1` instead of
`hf.1`).
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Thanks for the review @PaulLez. Pushed 0a34aed on add-problem-1173: added the self-avoidance condition α ∉ f α as the first conjunct of IsSetMapping, matching the standard set-mapping definition (and the PR description). The supporting image_lt_aleph_succ lemma was updated to use hf.2.1 after the conjunct reordering.

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Erdös Problem 1173: Formalize Erdős–Hajnal Free Set (Cardinal Arithmetic)

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