diff --git a/dhis-2/dhis-api/src/main/java/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/DataElementGroupSetDimension.java b/dhis-2/dhis-api/src/main/java/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/DataElementGroupSetDimension.java
index cc7bedc18f9e..3ff61547fd30 100644
--- a/dhis-2/dhis-api/src/main/java/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/DataElementGroupSetDimension.java
+++ b/dhis-2/dhis-api/src/main/java/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/DataElementGroupSetDimension.java
@@ -34,8 +34,23 @@
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.annotation.JacksonXmlElementWrapper;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.annotation.JacksonXmlProperty;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.annotation.JacksonXmlRootElement;
+import jakarta.persistence.Column;
+import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
+import jakarta.persistence.FetchType;
+import jakarta.persistence.ForeignKey;
+import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
+import jakarta.persistence.Id;
+import jakarta.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import jakarta.persistence.JoinTable;
+import jakarta.persistence.ManyToMany;
+import jakarta.persistence.ManyToOne;
+import jakarta.persistence.OrderColumn;
+import jakarta.persistence.Table;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
 import org.hisp.dhis.common.BaseIdentifiableObject;
 import org.hisp.dhis.common.DimensionalEmbeddedObject;
 import org.hisp.dhis.common.DxfNamespaces;
@@ -45,14 +60,37 @@
 /**
  * @author Lars Helge Overland
  */
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "dataelementgroupsetdimension")
+@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE)
 @JacksonXmlRootElement(
     localName = "dataElementGroupSetDimension",
     namespace = DxfNamespaces.DXF_2_0)
 public class DataElementGroupSetDimension implements DimensionalEmbeddedObject {
+  @Id
+  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE)
+  @Column(name = "dataelementgroupsetdimensionid")
   private int id;
 
+  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
+  @JoinColumn(
+      name = "dataelementgroupsetid",
+      foreignKey = @ForeignKey(name = "fk_dimension_dataelementgroupsetid"))
   private DataElementGroupSet dimension;
 
+  @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
+  @JoinTable(
+      name = "dataelementgroupsetdimension_items",
+      joinColumns =
+          @JoinColumn(
+              name = "dataelementgroupsetdimensionid",
+              foreignKey = @ForeignKey(name = "fk_dimension_items_dataelementgroupsetdimensionid")),
+      inverseJoinColumns =
+          @JoinColumn(
+              name = "dataelementgroupid",
+              foreignKey = @ForeignKey(name = "fk_dimension_items_dataelementgroupid")))
+  @OrderColumn(name = "sort_order")
+  @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE)
   private List<DataElementGroup> items = new ArrayList<>();
 
   public int getId() {
diff --git a/dhis-2/dhis-services/dhis-service-core/src/main/resources/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/hibernate/DataElementGroupSetDimension.hbm.xml b/dhis-2/dhis-services/dhis-service-core/src/main/resources/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/hibernate/DataElementGroupSetDimension.hbm.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index b1a4047fbbe0..000000000000
--- a/dhis-2/dhis-services/dhis-service-core/src/main/resources/org/hisp/dhis/dataelement/hibernate/DataElementGroupSetDimension.hbm.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
-  "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
-  "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
-
-<hibernate-mapping>
-  <class name="org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroupSetDimension" table="dataelementgroupsetdimension">
-
-    <cache usage="nonstrict-read-write" />
-
-    <id name="id" column="dataelementgroupsetdimensionid">
-      <generator class="native" />
-    </id>
-    
-    <many-to-one name="dimension" class="org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroupSet" column="dataelementgroupsetid"
-      foreign-key="fk_dimension_dataelementgroupsetid" />
-    
-    <list name="items" table="dataelementgroupsetdimension_items">
-      <cache usage="nonstrict-read-write" />
-      <key column="dataelementgroupsetdimensionid" foreign-key="fk_dimension_items_dataelementgroupsetdimensionid" />
-      <list-index column="sort_order" />
-      <many-to-many class="org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroup" column="dataelementgroupid"
-        foreign-key="fk_dimension_items_dataelementgroupid" />
-    </list>
-  </class>
-</hibernate-mapping>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dhis-2/dhis-test-integration/src/test/java/org/hisp/dhis/visualization/DefaultVisualizationServiceTest.java b/dhis-2/dhis-test-integration/src/test/java/org/hisp/dhis/visualization/DefaultVisualizationServiceTest.java
index 436117082c31..e7cfceca09c3 100644
--- a/dhis-2/dhis-test-integration/src/test/java/org/hisp/dhis/visualization/DefaultVisualizationServiceTest.java
+++ b/dhis-2/dhis-test-integration/src/test/java/org/hisp/dhis/visualization/DefaultVisualizationServiceTest.java
@@ -32,9 +32,16 @@
 import static org.hisp.dhis.visualization.Icon.IconType.DATA_ITEM;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertIterableEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
+import org.hisp.dhis.common.IdentifiableObjectManager;
+import org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroup;
+import org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroupSet;
+import org.hisp.dhis.dataelement.DataElementGroupSetDimension;
 import org.hisp.dhis.test.integration.PostgresIntegrationTestBase;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
@@ -43,6 +50,7 @@
 @Transactional
 class DefaultVisualizationServiceTest extends PostgresIntegrationTestBase {
   @Autowired private VisualizationService visualizationService;
+  @Autowired private IdentifiableObjectManager manager;
 
   @Test
   void testPostWithIconsObject() {
@@ -67,4 +75,48 @@ private Visualization createVisualization(String name) {
     visualization.setName(name);
     return visualization;
   }
+
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // JPA migration verification (DataElementGroupSetDimension HBM -> annotations)
+  // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  @Test
+  @DisplayName(
+      "JPA: DataElementGroupSetDimension (dimension + ordered items) round-trips through the "
+          + "still-HBM-mapped Visualization owner")
+  void testJpaDataElementGroupSetDimensionRoundTrip() {
+    DataElementGroup degA = createDataElementGroup('A');
+    DataElementGroup degB = createDataElementGroup('B');
+    DataElementGroup degC = createDataElementGroup('C');
+    manager.save(degA);
+    manager.save(degB);
+    manager.save(degC);
+
+    DataElementGroupSet degs = createDataElementGroupSet('S');
+    manager.save(degs);
+
+    DataElementGroupSetDimension dimension = new DataElementGroupSetDimension();
+    dimension.setDimension(degs);
+    dimension.setItems(List.of(degC, degA, degB));
+
+    Visualization visualization = createVisualization('V');
+    visualization.addDataElementGroupSetDimension(dimension);
+
+    long id = visualizationService.save(visualization);
+
+    clearSession(); // force reload from DB
+
+    Visualization reloaded = visualizationService.getVisualization(id);
+    assertNotNull(reloaded);
+    assertEquals(1, reloaded.getDataElementGroupSetDimensions().size());
+
+    DataElementGroupSetDimension reloadedDimension =
+        reloaded.getDataElementGroupSetDimensions().get(0);
+    assertEquals(degs.getUid(), reloadedDimension.getDimension().getUid());
+
+    // @OrderColumn must preserve insertion order, not just membership.
+    List<String> itemUids =
+        reloadedDimension.getItems().stream().map(DataElementGroup::getUid).toList();
+    assertEquals(List.of(degC.getUid(), degA.getUid(), degB.getUid()), itemUids);
+  }
 }