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feat(extensions): add netboot extension for TFTP+NFS diskless boot#9656

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iav:enh/netboot-extension
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feat(extensions): add netboot extension for TFTP+NFS diskless boot#9656
iav wants to merge 16 commits into
armbian:mainfrom
iav:enh/netboot-extension

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@iav iav commented Apr 11, 2026

Summary

Adds an opt-in netboot extension that produces a full network-boot payload — kernel, DTB, optional uInitrd, pxelinux.cfg and an NFS-exportable rootfs — from a regular Armbian build. For netboot the only thing that has to live on the device's local storage is U-Boot itself: the kernel and DTB come from TFTP, / is mounted over NFS, nothing else on mmc/eMMC/USB is touched during early boot.

Today ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs alone only gives a hybrid image (kernel+DTB still on SD/eMMC, only / over NFS). This PR keeps that path working and layers a real netboot flow on top via a new ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root.

What changes

  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh — new ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root case branch, symmetric with the existing fs-f2fs-support / fs-btrfs wiring: the branch auto-enables the netboot extension so ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root is the single switch that selects the full netboot flow. check_filesystem_compatibility_on_host is skipped for both nfs and nfs-root — the host-side check is a sanity net for block-device targets and falsely rejects valid NFS configurations.

  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh — new, directory-based extension. Directory layout (rather than a single extensions/netboot.sh file) exists so the long-form usage guide can live next to the code as README.md; inlining documentation of that size into the script body would be unwieldy. Hooks:

    • extension_prepare_config — validate variables (NETBOOT_CLIENT_MAC MAC normalization to the 01-<mac> PXELINUX form, ROOTFS_COMPRESSION / ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR rejection of bad combinations before debootstrap), set the build-flavor _NETBOOT_FLAVOR suffix (-min / -desktop / empty) for default paths.
    • _netboot_compute_runtime_defaults — lazy helper that materializes NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX / NETBOOT_NFS_PATH defaults (armbian/${LINUXFAMILY}/${BOARD}/${BRANCH}-${RELEASE}${_NETBOOT_FLAVOR} shared, or /srv/netboot/rootfs/hosts/<hostname> per-host) at hook time, when ${LINUXFAMILY} is guaranteed populated. Computing in extension_prepare_config would capture an empty ${LINUXFAMILY} on flows where family-config sourcing happens later (e.g. kernel-only compile.sh kernel ...). Called from each consuming hook (pre_umount_final_image, post_create_rootfs_archive, artifact_ready in netboot-deploy.sh).
    • custom_kernel_config — enable ROOT_NFS, NFS_FS, NFS_V3, IP_PNP, IP_PNP_DHCP so root=/dev/nfs ip=dhcp works without an initrd.
    • post_customize_image — drop armbian-resize-filesystem.service (meaningless on NFS root) and /root/.not_logged_in_yet (the armbian-firstlogin interactive wizard blocks bring-up when there is no interactive console). armbian-firstrun.service stays — it only regenerates SSH host keys.
    • host_pre_docker_launch — bind-mount ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR into the build container when it lives outside ${SRC}, so the single-step builder-as-NFS-server workflow works the same inside and outside Docker.
    • pre_umount_final_image — assemble the TFTP tree (Image/zImage, dtb/, uInitrd), write pxelinux.cfg/{default.example | 01-<mac>} with the right FDT/FDTDIR line and an explicit INITRD directive when uInitrd is present (U-Boot's PXE parser only loads an initramfs when the stanza names it), expose a netboot_artifacts_ready hook for userpatches that deploy to a real server.
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh — new generic artifact_ready extension hook, fired at the end of obtain_complete_artifact after artifact_reversion_for_deployment (on the local-build path; skipped when deploy_to_remote=yes since that path tears down artifact_base_dir without leaving usable .deb files on disk). Extension-side handlers see reversioned .deb filenames in artifact_map_debs_reversioned_* under ${DEB_STORAGE} and the standard WHAT / artifact_name / artifact_version / artifact_final_file context. Generic — netboot-deploy below is the first consumer; any extension can use it for deploy / notification / cache-warming actions.

  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh — two new controls for NFS-rootfs builds (both ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs and nfs-root):

    • ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=zstd|gzip|none (default zstd). zstd.tar.zst, gzip.tar.gz, none → no archive at all. Rejected early if none is set without ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR. The tar | pv | compressor pipeline now runs in a set -o pipefail subshell so a broken archive step actually fails the build instead of producing a silently truncated file.
    • ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR=/abs/path — also (or only) rsync the rootfs tree into this directory. Can point anywhere on the build host's filesystem — inside or outside the Armbian tree (the extension bind-mounts external paths into the Docker container automatically). If the path is an NFS mount or any other network filesystem, the build writes directly to the remote server with no intermediate archive. The rsync uses --delete so a re-used export dir stays in sync with the new build instead of accumulating stale files from previous runs. Combined with ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=none this turns deploy-to-NFS-server into a single build step.
    • ROOTFS_ARCHIVE_PATH is exported so downstream hooks (the new netboot_artifacts_ready) can reference the produced archive.
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.shprepare_partitions skips the root partition entry for nfs-root the same way it does for nfs, and the SD-size sanity check no longer applies to either (there is no image file to size).

  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template — previously sunxi/arm32-only (zImage + bootz). Made arch-agnostic so the hybrid ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs path builds for arm64 boards too.

  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh — reference deploy hook with two trigger points:

    • netboot_artifacts_ready__deploy_to_remote_server — full-image flow (existing). Rsyncs the staged TFTP tree and uploads + untars the rootfs archive via SSH.
    • artifact_ready__netboot_kernel_deploy — new kernel-only flow. Triggered by compile.sh kernel BOARD=... ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=netboot,netboot-deploy NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH=.... Unpacks the reversioned linux-image-${BRANCH}-${LINUXFAMILY}_*_${ARCH}*.deb into ${SRC}/.tmp/; rsyncs vmlinuz-${kver}${TFTP_PREFIX}/Image|zImage|vmlinuz-${kver} (renamed by ${ARCH}, mirrors what pre_umount_final_image__900_collect_netboot_artifacts produces in a full image build), usr/lib/linux-image-${kver}/${TFTP_PREFIX}/dtb/, and lib/modules/${kver}/${NFS_PATH}/lib/modules/${kver}/ with --delete scoped to that single kernel version. Closes a coherence gap: a kernel-only refresh (changed driver, recompiled with a config tweak) used to leave the on-NFS .ko set out-of-sync with the freshly-deployed vmlinuz, producing BPF: Invalid name_offset:N and failed to validate module BTF: -22 spam at boot. Initramfs is intentionally skipped — regenerating it requires a chroot into the NFS rootfs (cross-arch needs qemu-user-static + binfmt_misc registered on the server, not the build host); operator runs it manually or rebuilds the full image when ABI moves.
  • extensions/netboot/README.md — long-form guide: variable reference, server setup (tftpd-hpa + nfs-kernel-server), DHCP 66/67 config (OpenWRT + others), per-host / per-MAC deployments, firstrun vs firstlogin, end-to-end helios64 example, troubleshooting. Includes a "Kernel-only deploy" subsection covering the artifact_ready handler workflow with the update-initramfs follow-up step.

Variables (quick reference)

All optional. ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root alone gives you a shared-rootfs build with a pxelinux.cfg/default.example file.

Variable Default Purpose
NETBOOT_SERVER (empty) TFTP/NFS server IP. Empty → nfsroot= keeps ${serverip} literal for U-Boot to fill from DHCP siaddr.
NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX armbian/${LINUXFAMILY}/${BOARD}/${BRANCH}-${RELEASE} Path prefix under TFTP root.
NETBOOT_NFS_PATH /srv/netboot/rootfs/shared/... or /srv/netboot/rootfs/hosts/<hostname> Absolute NFS path used in nfsroot=.
NETBOOT_HOSTNAME (empty) Per-host rootfs under hosts/<hostname>/ — each machine owns its own writable copy.
NETBOOT_CLIENT_MAC (empty) When set, PXE config is written as 01-<mac> (per-MAC PXELINUX override). Accepts : or -, normalized to lowercase.
ROOTFS_COMPRESSION zstd zstd / gzip / none.
ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR (empty) When set, rsync the rootfs tree here in addition to (or instead of) the archive.

Test plan

Validated end-to-end on helios64 (rockchip64, edge/resolute, ttyS2 @ 1500000), Armbian 26.05:

  • Baseline build (ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root NETBOOT_SERVER=192.168.1.125, shared NFS path, FDTDIR fallback for boards without BOOT_FDT_FILE, no hardcoded console=). 6:57 min, all artifacts correct.
  • Per-host + per-MAC (NETBOOT_HOSTNAME=helios64-a NETBOOT_CLIENT_MAC=aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff). pxelinux.cfg/01-aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff contains nfsroot=.../hosts/helios64-a. 7:44 min.
  • ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=gzip — produces .tar.gz (default zstd.tar.zst). On the helios64 rootfs: 503 MB gzip vs 460 MB zstd.
  • ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=none ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR=... — single-step tree workflow, 1.5 GB tree in export dir, no archive produced. 5:17 min.
  • ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=none without ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR — fails fast in extension_prepare_config before debootstrap, not hours later.
  • End-to-end boot test: TFTP tree deployed to tftpd-hpa + NFS rootfs via rsync to nfs-kernel-server. DHCP options 66/67 on OpenWRT. Helios64 cold boot → U-Boot bootflow scan -lb → TFTP → booti → kernel → ip_auto_config → NFS mount → systemd graphical.target → login prompt on ttyS2@1500000. No armbian-firstlogin wizard, no resize2fs errors, armbian-firstrun.service regenerates SSH host keys normally. Verified twice: once with archive workflow + manual unpack, once with tree workflow + rsync deploy.
  • helios4 (mvebu, armhf, U-Boot v2025.10) — second SoC family. PXE netboot: DHCP → TFTP (zImage + DTB) → bootz → kernel → NFS root → systemd → login prompt. No initrd needed (see notes below).
  • Kernel-only deploy on helios64 (compile.sh iav kernel BOARD=helios64 BRANCH=edge BUILD_MINIMAL=yes RELEASE=trixie ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=netboot,netboot-deploy NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH=root@m1). On a cache-hit kernel artifact the new artifact_ready__netboot_kernel_deploy handler fired, unpacked the reversioned linux-image-*.deb under ${SRC}/.tmp/, rsynced vmlinuz → ${TFTP_PREFIX}/Image, dtbs → ${TFTP_PREFIX}/dtb/, modules → ${NFS_PATH}/lib/modules/${kver}/ with --delete. Runtime 17 sec.
  • Full image build + PXE boot, bookworm on helios64: compile.sh iav build BOARD=helios64 BRANCH=edge BUILD_MINIMAL=no RELEASE=bookworm ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=netboot,netboot-deploy. 16:15 min. Cold boot helios64 → U-Boot SPL/BL31/proper → DHCP from m1 → TFTP fetch (Image 45.8 MB, uInitrd 26.4 MB, dtb/rockchip/rk3399-kobol-helios64.dtb) → kernel boot → NFS rootfs mount → systemd PID1 → Welcome to Armbian-unofficial 26.05.0-trunk bookwormhelios64 login: root. dmesg | grep -c BPF = 1 line (only -BPF_FRAMEWORK in systemd's version banner; no Invalid name_offset / failed to validate module BTF — empirical confirmation that vmlinuz and /lib/modules/${kver}/ are coherent under the lazy default expansion).
  • Other boards / other SoC families — review welcome, especially from boards with BOOT_FDT_FILE set (the FDTDIR vs FDT code path is exercised by helios64's missing BOOT_FDT_FILE, but a board with it set should also work).

Known issues found during helios4 testing (not blockers for this PR):

  • RD image overlaps OS image on mvebu: ramdisk_addr_r (0x2880000) is only 8 MB above kernel_addr_r (0x2080000), but zImage 6.12 is 8.1 MB → U-Boot refuses to boot with initrd. Workaround: omit INITRD from PXE config — kernel with CONFIG_ROOT_NFS=y mounts NFS root directly without initrd.
  • DNS not working after NFS boot: kernel ip=dhcp writes DNS to /proc/net/pnp but systemd-resolved doesn't read it → "No DNS servers known". Workaround: resolvectl dns <iface> <gateway>. Needs a networkd .network file or oneshot service in post_customize_image (future improvement).

Post-review update: architecture reworked after CodeRabbit #1 — the extension no longer forces ROOTFS_TYPE from inside extension_prepare_config (too late in the config lifecycle); instead a new ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root case branch in main-config.sh enables the extension, symmetric with existing filesystem-support extensions. pipefail on the archive pipeline (#4), rsync --delete on the export dir (#5), and an explicit INITRD directive when uInitrd is present (#2) are all in.

Post-review update (round 3): archive creation moved from the early if/else block to after pre_umount_final_image hooks so the tarball/export tree captures the fully finalized rootfs (includes update_initramfs output and all hook edits). Split out as a separate pre-feature commit — also fixes the same bug in the original ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs hybrid flow. Additionally: the netboot extension now sets BOOTSIZE=0 for nfs-root, preventing the phantom /boot fstab entry at its source; the compensating pre_umount_final_image__100_netboot_clean_fstab hook is gone.

Post-review update (round 4): config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template now wraps the DTB load in an if load ... ; then true; else echo FATAL; reset; fi block so a missing/wrong dtb/${fdtfile} aborts the boot with a clear message instead of continuing with an invalid ${fdt_addr_r} — consistent with the ramdisk and kernel handling on the following lines.

Post-review update (round 5): also includes a small core-fix in lib/functions/host/host-utils.shreset_uid_owner now uses chown -h to tolerate dangling symlinks in the unpacked rootfs tree this extension exports (see the commit for the full rationale).

Post-review update (round 6): adds a generic artifact_ready extension hook to lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh and a kernel-only deploy handler in netboot-deploy.sh (artifact_ready__netboot_kernel_deploy). Closes the kernel-only coherence gap — compile.sh kernel ... ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=netboot,netboot-deploy now refreshes vmlinuz + dtbs + /lib/modules/${kver}/ in one shot instead of needing a full image rebuild. Default-path computation in netboot.sh moved from extension_prepare_config into a lazy _netboot_compute_runtime_defaults helper called at hook time — fixes a latent bug where ${LINUXFAMILY} could be empty when the default was first materialized on flows that source the family config later in the dispatch.

Related work

A companion PR to armbian/documentation will add Developer-Guide_Netboot.md with the short overview + variable reference; this extension's README.md is the long-form guide and is linked from that page.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Full netboot nfs-root mode: staged per-host PXE/TFTP artifacts, builder-as-NFS-server, remote deploy and kernel-only refresh.
  • Documentation

    • Extensive netboot guide: build/deploy flows, variables, hooks, Helios64 walkthrough and troubleshooting.
  • Initramfs

    • DHCP-derived root-path propagation, NFS watchdog and cancel scripts, and dhcpcd hook included in initramfs.
  • Reliability

    • Safer export/validation, atomic rootfs archive writes, preserved numeric owners/xattrs/ACLs/SELinux, and symlink-aware ownership handling.
  • Behavior

    • NFS boot flow revamped: DT-derived console, active-boot-partition probing, improved fallbacks and fatal/reset handling.

Review Change Stack

@iav iav requested review from a team, EvilOlaf, TRSx80, igorpecovnik and littlecxm as code owners April 11, 2026 23:32
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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 2cf98e3 and 36ac04d.

📒 Files selected for processing (2)
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-conf.d/netboot-no-fsck
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

Adds ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root with a netboot extension (validation, staging, deploy hooks, initramfs/dhcpcd hooks, watchdogs), updates the U‑Boot NFS boot template for distro-boot/mainline kernels, integrates rootfs archive/export with metadata preservation, and adjusts image/partition and host/artifact utilities.

Changes

Netboot feature & deployment

Layer / File(s) Summary
U‑Boot NFS boot template
config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
Rebuild bootargs (derive console from DTB /chosen/stdout-path, add rootwait earlycon, quote nfs_root), switch to distro-boot boot_dev, probe .next marker to prefer mainline flow, normalize fdtfile .dts.dtb, load DTB/uInitrd (ramdisk_addr_r fallback), boot Image with booti or zImage with bootz (set fdt_high), otherwise fallback legacy script.bin/zImage; print FATAL+reset on failures.
Extension entry & validation
extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
New netboot extension entrypoint: set BOOTSIZE=0, validate ROOTFS_COMPRESSION, normalize/validate ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR, compute per-variant suffixes, enable kernel NFS build options, and register host pre-docker bind-mount hooks.
Host pre-docker / bind mounts
extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
Host hooks bind-mount resolved ${SRC}/output/netboot-export symlink targets or absolute external export dirs into the container; propagate ${SRC} into container for consistent normalization.
Artifact staging & hooks
extensions/netboot/netboot.sh, lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
Stage deterministic TFTP tree (kernel/DTB/uInitrd), validate BOOT_FDT_FILE, generate PXE/pxelinux config, set NETBOOT_* outputs, dispatch netboot_artifacts_ready; add artifact_ready hook point after local .deb reversion.
Deploy automation
extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
New deploy extension: require NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH, optional remote TFTP probe, host pre-docker SSH key / known_hosts bind-mount support, secure scratch-key handling, staged TFTP rsync with atomic swap and rollback, optional upload+untar of ROOTFS_ARCHIVE preserving numeric IDs/xattrs/ACLs/SELinux, and kernel-only deploy helper.
DHCP & initramfs integration
extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath, extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath, extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-conf.d/netboot-no-fsck
Add dhcpcd hook that records kernel DHCP bootserver into per-interface /run/net-<if>.conf, an initramfs hook that installs that dhcpcd hook into generated initramfs, and a conf.d snippet disabling fsck probing for NFS-root.
Initramfs watchdog scripts
extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog, .../nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
Add premount watchdog that reboots after 600s for NFS-root boots and a cancel script that validates PID before signalling and removes pidfile.
Customization & housekeeping
extensions/netboot/netboot.sh (post_customize hooks)
Stamp .netboot_export_marker, disable armbian-resize-filesystem.service, remove empty first-login trigger, install initramfs hooks and rebuild uInitrd.
PXE naming/activation
extensions/netboot/netboot.sh, extensions/netboot/README.md
Generate per-board/branch/release ± MAC/hostname PXE filenames and document symlink activation rules.
Documentation
extensions/netboot/README.md
Comprehensive guide covering build-time/runtime variables, server vs DHCP-derived NFS behavior, PXE/TFTP/NFS layout, deploy hook usage, proxyDHCP caveat, Helios64 walkthrough, and troubleshooting.

Archive & metadata preservation + host ownership semantics

Layer / File(s) Summary
Image / archive flow
lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh, lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh, lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
Treat nfs-root like nfs: append _nfsroot to image version, set FIXED_IMAGE_SIZE=256, enable netboot extension, skip root partition allocation and local .img pipeline for nfs-root.
Rootfs archive/export
lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
Unified `nfs
Tar archive creation
lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
Create rootfs cache/archive with --numeric-owner, configurable xattr include pattern, and include ACLs, SELinux labels, and sparse extents in tar command.
Tar extraction pipeline
lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
Restore numeric ownership and preserve xattrs/ACLs/SELinux on streamed extraction (--numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include=... --acls --selinux --sparse).
Host ownership reset semantics
lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
reset_uid_owner and reset_uid_owner_non_recursive now use chown -h to avoid following symlinks when resetting ownership.
Artifacts hook
lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
Call artifact_ready extension after local .deb reversion in obtain flow to notify consumers of reversioned artifacts.
Minor config/comment tweaks
lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
Whitespace/comment alignment adjustments unrelated to behavior.

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
    participant Builder as Builder Host
    participant Ext as Netboot Extension
    participant Staging as TFTP/NFS Staging
    participant Deploy as Deploy Hook
    participant Remote as Remote Server
    participant Target as Target U‑Boot

    Builder->>Ext: build with ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root
    Ext->>Staging: validate NETBOOT_*, normalize paths, stage kernel/DTB/uInitrd, generate PXE configs
    Ext->>Staging: create rootfs archive or rsync export (preserve owners/xattrs/ACLs/SELinux)
    Ext->>Builder: emit netboot_artifacts_ready (TFTP tree, PXE config, ROOTFS_ARCHIVE)
    Builder->>Deploy: artifact_ready -> deploy to Remote
    Deploy->>Remote: rsync TFTP payload + pxelinux configs
    Deploy->>Remote: upload & extract ROOTFS_ARCHIVE (optional, preserve metadata)
    Target->>Remote: DHCP/PXE -> download kernel/DTB/initrd via TFTP
    Target->>Target: initramfs dhcpcd hook may set ROOTSERVER -> mount NFS root
Loading

Estimated code review effort

🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~60 minutes

Poem

🐇 I hopped through TFTP with bootfiles bright,
DTBs and kernels snug and tight.
PXE menus sing, the NFS fields hum,
Targets wake, their netboots come.
Hooray — I danced; the network’s fun!

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 77.14% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The PR title accurately describes the main feature: adding a netboot extension for TFTP+NFS diskless boot capability to Armbian. It is concise, specific, and reflects the primary objective of the changeset.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.

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@github-actions github-actions Bot added 05 Milestone: Second quarter release size/large PR with 250 lines or more Needs review Seeking for review Hardware Hardware related like kernel, U-Boot, ... Framework Framework components Documentation Documentation changes or additions labels Apr 11, 2026
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Actionable comments posted: 5

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot.sh`:
- Around line 38-42: The function
extension_prepare_config__netboot_force_nfs_rootfs sets ROOTFS_TYPE too late (it
runs during do_extra_configuration) so NFS-specific branches in
do_main_configuration never see it; move the ROOTFS_TYPE assignment earlier by
ensuring extension_prepare_config__netboot_force_nfs_rootfs (or its logic) runs
before do_main_configuration—either call that function in the init/startup hook
that executes prior to main configuration (e.g., extension_init or top-level
script before do_main_configuration) or export/set declare -g ROOTFS_TYPE="nfs"
at script initialization so the global variable is in effect for
do_main_configuration and the NFS setup in
lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh executes.
- Around line 147-149: The PXE staging copies ${MOUNT}/boot/uInitrd but never
references it in the generated extlinux.cfg, so U-Boot won't load the initramfs;
modify the netboot stanza generation to set an initrd_line variable when the
file exists (mirror how fdt_line is created — e.g. check for
"${MOUNT}/boot/uInitrd", set initrd_line="INITRD ${tftp_prefix_dir}/uInitrd")
and then include ${initrd_line} in the emitted PXE stanza alongside fdt_line so
the INITRD directive is present for U-Boot.

In `@extensions/netboot/README.md`:
- Around line 137-155: The README has multiple unlabeled fenced code blocks
(e.g., the directory tree block showing "/srv/netboot/" and other blocks around
lines 159-164, 171-175, 465-489, 544-547); update each triple-backtick fence to
include an appropriate info string (for example use sh, ini, or text as
appropriate) so markdownlint stops flagging them—locate the fences by searching
for the blocks that display the directory tree and configuration snippets and
add the matching language tag to each opening ``` line.

In `@lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh`:
- Around line 82-93: The rsync into ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR can leave stale files
behind when the export tree is reused; update the rsync invocation in
rootfs-to-image.sh (the run_host_command_logged rsync call) to include --delete
(and optionally --delete-excluded) so files removed from the source are removed
from "${ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR}" as well; add the flag either into $rsync_ea or
directly in the rsync command invocation to ensure exported NFS root mirrors the
built image.
- Around line 69-76: The archive creation pipeline (tar … | pv … |
${archive_filter} > "${ROOTFS_ARCHIVE_PATH}") must be guarded with pipefail so
failures in tar or pv aren't masked by a later stage; wrap that pipeline in a
shell context with set -o pipefail (or enable set -o pipefail locally before
running the pipeline) so a nonzero exit from tar or pv will cause the script to
fail and propagate the error from creating ROOTFS_ARCHIVE_PATH; update the block
around display_alert/ tar / pv / ${archive_filter} to ensure pipefail is active
for that pipeline.
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📒 Files selected for processing (5)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh

Comment thread extensions/netboot/netboot.sh Outdated
Comment thread extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
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Comment thread lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh Outdated
Comment thread lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh Outdated
@iav iav marked this pull request as draft April 11, 2026 23:50
iav added a commit to iav/armbian that referenced this pull request Apr 12, 2026
`nfs-root` is a new rootfs type distinct from the existing `nfs` hybrid
mode. Selecting it wires the `netboot` extension from the core
`ROOTFS_TYPE` dispatch in `do_main_configuration`, so callers no longer
need a separate `ENABLE_EXTENSIONS=netboot`. The legacy `nfs` branch
(kernel+DTB on local boot partition, `/` over NFS) is untouched — both
paths coexist until the hybrid mode's future is decided.

Core plumbing mirrors the `nfs` branch for all paths where local root
storage would be meaningless: partition layout skip
(`prepare_partitions`), archive/export gate and version suffix
(`rootfs-to-image.sh`), and the host-side filesystem compatibility
check in `main-config.sh`.

Extension hooks now key on `ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root` instead of guessing
from `nfs`, removing the `force ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs` shim that ran too
late relative to `do_main_configuration`.

Also folded in from CodeRabbit review on PR armbian#9656:
- pipefail around tar|pv|compressor so truncated archives no longer
  slip through on an intermediate stage failure
- `rsync --delete` on `ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR` so stale files from a
  previous build don't linger in the NFS export tree
- explicit `INITRD` directive in extlinux when `uInitrd` is staged;
  U-Boot only loads an initramfs when the stanza names it
- README updated to document `ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root` as the single
  switch

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@rpardini
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Very nice. With recent u-boot (2026.04, thanks to Kwiboo), one can enable LWIP networking stack for better TFTP performance (loading kernel and initramfs) -- there's also some TFTP Window Size stuff that can be tuned. U-boot with LWIP + u-boot's wget offers the best performance, but is not integrated in pxe or dhcp boot target AFAIK.

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iav commented Apr 12, 2026

Thanks for the pointer! Let's get this merged first — iterating on something that works is the easy part.

@iav iav force-pushed the enh/netboot-extension branch from a76e4b2 to fec99ac Compare April 12, 2026 17:14
@iav iav added the Work in progress Unfinished / work in progress label Apr 12, 2026
@iav iav force-pushed the enh/netboot-extension branch 5 times, most recently from a10feb4 to 4ff6016 Compare April 14, 2026 17:14
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iav commented Apr 14, 2026

@coderabbitai review

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iav commented Apr 15, 2026

Pull my Helios64 to v2026.04 in #9675

@iav iav force-pushed the enh/netboot-extension branch 4 times, most recently from a61ff64 to dac19c8 Compare April 15, 2026 17:19
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Actionable comments posted: 2

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot.sh`:
- Around line 386-405: The install logic for dhcpcd_hook and initramfs_hook
should unconditionally overwrite the target hooks and force the initramfs
rebuild instead of only installing when the file is missing; remove the [[ ! -f
"${dhcpcd_hook}" ]] and [[ ! -f "${initramfs_hook}" ]] guards so
run_host_command_logged install -D -m 0755
"${EXTENSION_DIR}/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath" "${dhcpcd_hook}" and
run_host_command_logged install -D -m 0755
"${EXTENSION_DIR}/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath" "${initramfs_hook}"
always execute, ensure changed is set to "yes" after each install, and keep the
chroot_sdcard update-initramfs -u call guarded by if [[ "${changed}" == "yes" ]]
so the new hooks are always included in the uInitrd.

In `@extensions/netboot/README.md`:
- Around line 611-655: The Helios64 example block is inconsistent with the
captured log; update the sample so all values match (or clearly mark the log as
an older capture). Ensure NETBOOT_SERVER, ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR, ROOTFS_TYPE,
BUILD_MINIMAL and the BUILD BRANCH/RELEASE (e.g., edge/trixie) in the compile.sh
invocation match the values shown in the log (remove mismatched "edge-noble",
path-only "nfsroot=", and bootserver/rootserver=192.168.1.65), or add a short
note before the log stating it is from a different run with its exact settings;
keep the compile.sh invocation and the log consistent and self-contained.
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📒 Files selected for processing (12)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
✅ Files skipped from review due to trivial changes (3)
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (4)
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot.sh`:
- Around line 438-440: The script currently silently skips copying DTB from
"${MOUNT}/boot/dtb" to "${tftp_prefix_dir}/dtb/" but still emits a PXE FDTDIR
pointing at "${NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX}/dtb", causing broken PXE configs; modify the
logic around the DTB staging (check existence of "${MOUNT}/boot/dtb" and/or
"${tftp_prefix_dir}/dtb") to fail fast or omit the FDTDIR fallback: either (A)
if no DTB tree is staged, log an error and exit non-zero so the build fails
early, or (B) when producing the PXE config, only emit the FDTDIR
${NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX}/dtb line if the destination dtb directory actually exists
and contains files; update the blocks that reference MOUNT, tftp_prefix_dir,
NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX and the FDTDIR emission to implement one of these two
behaviors.
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📒 Files selected for processing (13)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
✅ Files skipped from review due to trivial changes (2)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (3)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/README.md`:
- Around line 437-444: The README incorrectly states that rsync performs kernel
reflinks on btrfs/xfs; update the text near ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR to remove or
reword the claim that "the kernel reflinks the rootfs tree" and instead explain
that while bind-mounting and rsync preserve ownership, rsync will copy data
unless explicit reflink tooling or filesystem-level copy-on-write (e.g., cp
--reflink or filesystem snapshot mechanisms) is used; reference
ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR and the rsync-in-container behavior so readers understand the
export remains fast only when reflink/cow mechanisms are explicitly employed,
not automatically by rsync.
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📒 Files selected for processing (13)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
✅ Files skipped from review due to trivial changes (3)
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (4)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh

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🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/README.md`:
- Around line 659-660: The example uses a glob "output/images/*-netboot-tftp/"
which can accidentally merge multiple build outputs into "/srv/netboot/tftp/";
update the README example to point at a specific build directory instead of the
wildcard (e.g., replace "output/images/*-netboot-tftp/" with the specific build
directory name for the target board/release) and keep the destination
"/srv/netboot/tftp/"; update the example text so readers must substitute their
exact build directory (referencing the string "output/images/*-netboot-tftp/"
and the destination "/srv/netboot/tftp/").
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📒 Files selected for processing (14)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (4)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

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Actionable comments posted: 2

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In
`@extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog`:
- Around line 14-16: The watchdog currently writes "b" to /proc/sysrq-trigger
which is a no-op if kernel sysrq is disabled; modify the script around the sleep
600 block so it first attempts to enable sysrq by writing "1" to
/proc/sys/kernel/sysrq (check the write/result), then trigger the sysrq reboot
via echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger only if enabling succeeded, and if enabling or
triggering fails fallback to a forced reboot command (e.g., busybox reboot -f or
echo c to /proc/sysrq-trigger / invoking kexec/reboot alternative) so the
watchdog cannot silently hang.
- Line 11: Update the inaccurate comment in zz-netboot-watchdog: replace "Force
kernel panic + PSCI reset after 10 min if NFS root mount hangs." with text that
correctly describes the action performed by the script (e.g. "Trigger immediate
reboot via SysRq 'b' (not a kernel panic) + PSCI reset after 10 min if NFS root
mount hangs.") so the comment accurately reflects that echo b >
/proc/sysrq-trigger issues an immediate reboot rather than causing a kernel
panic.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
✅ Files skipped from review due to trivial changes (1)
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (7)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh

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Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In
`@extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel`:
- Around line 9-11: In zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel, don't pass raw pidfile
contents to kill; read /run/netboot-watchdog.pid, trim whitespace, validate it
matches a numeric regex and is within a safe range (e.g. >1), verify the PID
refers to a live process (kill -0 or /proc/$pid exists) and only then call kill;
if validation fails, log/ignore and remove the stale pidfile rather than sending
a signal to an unintended process.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (6)
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot.sh`:
- Around line 446-480: The TFTP staging subtree (${tftp_prefix_dir}) is never
cleared so stale files (old DTBs, uInitrd) can persist across incremental
builds; before copying artifacts (kernel via kernel_src, dtbs, uInitrd) remove
or clean the contents of ${tftp_prefix_dir} (but keep the directory itself) and
recreate any required subdirs (e.g. dtb and pxe_dir) so subsequent
run_host_command_logged cp -v / cp -a operations only copy current ${MOUNT}/boot
artifacts; ensure this cleaning happens just after declaring
tftp_prefix_dir/pxe_dir and before copying kernel, dtb, and initrd so
dtb_payload and INITRD checks reflect the fresh tree.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (9)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

Comment thread extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
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Actionable comments posted: 2

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh`:
- Around line 44-48: The script must fail fast if the remote side is not
effectively root for NFS updates: update the logic around NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SUDO,
the archive untar routine (where tar --numeric-owner is used) and the
kernel-only sync to require either NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SUDO=yes or an effective
remote UID of 0; implement a remote check (ssh "$host" 'id -u' or similar)
before running tar/rsync/mkdir/tar that preserve numeric owners and if neither
condition is true exit with a clear error; tighten the NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SUDO
help/contract text to state it is required when the SSH account cannot act as
root for rsync/mkdir/tar on TFTP_ROOT and NETBOOT_NFS_PATH; apply the same
check/exit logic to the other similar blocks mentioned (archive untar and
/lib/modules sync locations).
- Around line 545-550: The rsync that syncs
"${scratch_dir}/usr/lib/linux-image-${kver}/" to
"${NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH}:${NETBOOT_DEPLOY_TFTP_ROOT}/${NETBOOT_TFTP_PREFIX}/dtb/"
copies new DTBs but does not remove DTBs removed or renamed in the package, so
add the delete option to the rsync invocation (i.e. include --delete among the
"${rsync_base[@]}" options passed to run_host_command_logged_raw) for the dtb
sync to mirror the full-image deploy behavior and ensure removed DTBs are pruned
from the target.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (6)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh

Comment thread extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh`:
- Around line 26-27: The tar extraction in the rootfs cache restore (the tar xp
invocation in create-cache.sh) is missing the --sparse flag so sparse-file
extents recorded during creation are lost; update the extraction command (the
tar xp --numeric-owner --xattrs
--xattrs-include="${ROOTFS_TAR_XATTR_INCLUDE:-security.*}" --acls --selinux ...
-C "${SDCARD}"/ invocation) to include --sparse so restored files preserve
sparse metadata and match the creation command used in rootfs-create.sh.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
✅ Files skipped from review due to trivial changes (1)
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (8)
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

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Actionable comments posted: 2

♻️ Duplicate comments (1)
extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel (1)

17-17: ⚠️ Potential issue | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Make watchdog cancellation tolerant to stale/already-exited PIDs.

kill can legitimately fail (race, stale pidfile). Mask the exit status to avoid unintended script abort in errexit contexts.

Suggested patch
-            [ "${watchdog_pid}" -gt 1 ] && kill "${watchdog_pid}" 2> /dev/null
+            [ "${watchdog_pid}" -gt 1 ] && kill "${watchdog_pid}" 2> /dev/null || true
Based on learnings, Armbian shell execution generally assumes `set -e`, so unhandled non-zero statuses can terminate flow unexpectedly.
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In
`@extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel`
at line 17, In zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel make the watchdog PID kill tolerant to
stale/exited PIDs by masking kill's exit status; locate the line using the
watchdog_pid variable and the kill "${watchdog_pid}" 2> /dev/null invocation and
change it so failures don't propagate (for example by appending a no-op OR to
swallow non-zero exit codes like "|| true" or using ":"), ensuring the script
won't abort under set -e when the PID is already gone.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh`:
- Around line 435-438: The remote command passed to run_host_command_logged_raw
can exit early under set -e and leave the large q_remote_archive in /tmp if tar
fails; change the remote shell sequence invoked over ssh (the string currently
building with mkdir -p ${q_nfs_path}; ${sudo_prefix}tar -xp ... -f
${q_remote_archive} -C ${q_nfs_path}; rm -f ${q_remote_archive}) so that the
mkdir→tar step short-circuits on error (use && between mkdir and tar) but the rm
-f ${q_remote_archive} is executed unconditionally and the original tar exit
status is preserved and re-exited (capture the tar/mkdir exit code into a temp
var and then run rm -f ${q_remote_archive}; exit ${ret}) to ensure cleanup
always runs while still propagating failures back to
run_host_command_logged_raw.
- Line 437: The tar invocation that uses --selinux, --acls, and --xattrs (the
line that runs "${sudo_prefix}tar -xp --numeric-owner --xattrs
--xattrs-include='*' --acls --selinux -f ${q_remote_archive} -C ${q_nfs_path}")
assumes GNU tar and will fail on BusyBox; modify the deployment script to probe
the remote tar capabilities (e.g. run "${sudo_prefix}tar --version" or check for
"GNU" in output) and conditionally set an extended-attribute flags variable
(like EXT_TAR_FLAGS="--numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' --acls
--selinux" for GNU tar, fallback to "-x --numeric-owner" or "-xp" for non-GNU),
then use "${sudo_prefix}tar ${EXT_TAR_FLAGS} -f ${q_remote_archive} -C
${q_nfs_path}" in place of the hardcoded flags; alternatively, if you prefer
docs-only, add a README note stating GNU tar is required on the NFS server.

---

Duplicate comments:
In
`@extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel`:
- Line 17: In zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel make the watchdog PID kill tolerant to
stale/exited PIDs by masking kill's exit status; locate the line using the
watchdog_pid variable and the kill "${watchdog_pid}" 2> /dev/null invocation and
change it so failures don't propagate (for example by appending a no-op OR to
swallow non-zero exit codes like "|| true" or using ":"), ensuring the script
won't abort under set -e when the PID is already gone.
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📒 Files selected for processing (15)
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template
  • extensions/netboot/README.md
  • extensions/netboot/files/dhcpcd-hooks/71-netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-scripts/nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • extensions/netboot/netboot.sh
  • lib/functions/artifacts/artifacts-obtain.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • lib/functions/host/host-utils.sh
  • lib/functions/image/partitioning.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/rootfs/rootfs-create.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (5)
  • lib/functions/rootfs/create-cache.sh
  • lib/functions/configuration/main-config.sh
  • extensions/netboot/files/initramfs-hooks/netboot-rootpath
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
  • config/templates/nfs-boot.cmd.template

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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@extensions/netboot/README.md`:
- Line 95: The README uses two spellings ("Normalize" and "normalises") for the
same concept; pick one dialect and make it consistent across the file by
updating all occurrences (e.g., the NETBOOT_CLIENT_MAC description and earlier
uses) to the chosen spelling; search for instances of "normalize", "normalise",
"normalizes", "normalises" and update them to one variant so the README is
consistent.
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  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
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  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

Comment thread extensions/netboot/README.md Outdated
iav added 3 commits May 8, 2026 22:44
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Make the network-boot u-boot template work for both arm64 (Image/booti)
and armv7 (zImage/bootz). Load kernel/initrd/dtb from the local boot
partition; mount root over NFS. Take console settings from DTB
`/chosen/stdout-path` instead of hardcoded baud — boards like helios64
(1500000) and others (115200) work without per-board overrides.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Allow the rootfs stage to produce a compressed archive, an exported
directory tree, or both. Compression is configurable. When
`ROOTFS_COMPRESSION=none` is set without `ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR`, fail
fast — there would be no rootfs artifact otherwise.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
iav and others added 11 commits May 11, 2026 23:41
Add opt-in netboot extension for diskless U-Boot PXE/NFS boot. Generates
a TFTP tree (kernel + DTB + uInitrd + per-board pxelinux.cfg with
extlinux APPEND for NFS root) alongside or instead of a flashable image.
Supports per-host MAC-tagged configs, builder-as-NFS-server via
ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR, ROOTSERVER discovery from DHCP siaddr in initramfs,
and a `netboot_artifacts_ready` post-hook for deploy automation.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
New rootfs type for full network boot: the only thing on the device's
local storage is U-Boot itself. Kernel, DTB, optional uInitrd and PXE
config come from TFTP; rootfs is mounted over NFS.

A new case branch in do_main_configuration auto-enables the netboot
extension, symmetric with existing fs-f2fs-support / fs-btrfs wiring.
The legacy ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs (hybrid: kernel on local storage, only /
over NFS) is untouched — both paths coexist.

- nfs-root case branch in ROOTFS_TYPE dispatch calls
  enable_extension "netboot"
- prepare_partitions skips root partition creation and SD-size sanity
  check
- check_filesystem_compatibility_on_host skipped for nfs-root
- create_image_from_sdcard_rootfs early-returns for nfs-root after the
  pre_umount hook has grabbed TFTP artifacts from /boot: SDCARD.raw is
  dropped, the .img pipeline (mv to DESTIMG, write-to-SD, fingerprint,
  compress) is skipped. For nfs-root the only deliverables are the
  rootfs archive / ROOTFS_EXPORT_DIR tree and the TFTP staging dir —
  producing a boot-partition .img would be misleading (nothing on the
  device reads it).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Documents the netboot extension: artifact server setup (tftpd-hpa +
nfs-kernel-server), TFTP tree layout, DHCP options 66/67 on the
network DHCP server, userpatches.conf knobs, the
netboot_artifacts_ready hook, a full end-to-end helios64 walkthrough,
and a troubleshooting section.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
In the rootfs cache and image pipelines, switch tar/rsync calls to:

  rsync -aHWh -XAXS --numeric-ids ...
  tar cp --xattrs --xattrs-include='security.*' --acls --selinux --sparse ...

Without this, xattrs (notably `security.capability` for setcap'd binaries
like /usr/bin/ping) and POSIX ACLs were stripped during the rootfs →
tarball → image (or → NFS export) round-trip.

The tar xattr include pattern defaults to `security.*` (file capabilities
and SELinux contexts) — broader patterns also pick up source-fs internals
(`bcachefs_*`, `btrfs.*`, `zfs.*` from the build host) that have no
meaning on the target and produce extract-time errors. Tunable via:

  - `ROOTFS_TAR_XATTR_INCLUDE` (env, replaces default include pattern)
  - `ROOTFS_TAR_EXTRA_FLAGS` (bash array, appended to tar args)
  - `ROOTFS_RSYNC_XATTR_FLAGS` (env, replaces rsync xattr/ACL flags)
  - `pre_create_rootfs_archive` extension hook (set the above lazily,
    e.g. depending on ARCH/RELEASE)

Drive-by: scope the `post_create_rootfs_archive` hook dispatch to
`ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs|nfs-root` (the only types that produce an archive)
and add `zst` to the `expected:` list in the unknown-compression
error message.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Reference implementation of the `netboot_artifacts_ready` post-hook:
rsyncs the TFTP tree and unpacks the rootfs archive into an NFS export
on a remote server over SSH.

  - Setting `NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH=user@host` implies `ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root`
    so the operator does not have to repeat it on the command line.
  - An early probe hook (`extension_prepare_config__060_…`) tries
    `touch && rm` on the target TFTP root before the long build, so a
    misconfigured SSH key / sudo / known_hosts fails fast with a clear
    diagnostic instead of after `./compile.sh` has run for 40 minutes.
  - Host identity is explicit: `known_hosts` file by default
    (`NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH_KNOWN_HOSTS`), optional TOFU
    (`NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH_TOFU=yes`) for first-time deployments.
  - SSH key passed via `NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH_KEY`; `sudo` on the
    target is opt-in via `NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SUDO=yes`.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Add troubleshooting entries for the most common netboot failure modes:
'NFS over TCP not available from <gateway>' (DHCP boot-server / siaddr
unset or wrong) and the corresponding dnsmasq/OpenWRT 'dhcp-boot' fix.
Show how to verify with /proc/net/pnp on a booted client.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Add a 10-minute mount-stall safety net via two initramfs hooks:

  - init-premount/zz-netboot-watchdog forks a background shell that
    sleeps 600 s and then triggers an immediate reboot via
    `echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger` if the NFS root mount has not
    completed by then.
  - nfs-bottom/zz-netboot-watchdog-cancel kills that background
    shell after a successful mount.

Active only for ROOTFS_TYPE=nfs-root. Without the watchdog, a
misconfigured server or transient network failure would hang the target
in initramfs forever; with it, the board self-recovers and tries again.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.7
Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
…uid_owner

netboot extension exports an unpacked rootfs tree under output/netboot-export/<suffix>/
and reset_uid_owner runs over it. Debian/Ubuntu rootfs trees routinely contain
dangling symlinks (e.g. /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ entries
referring to services from packages that aren't installed). GNU chown without -h
follows the symlink and fails on a missing target with 'cannot dereference', so
post-docker cleanup returns exit 2 even though the build itself succeeded.

chown -h sets the owner of the symlink inode itself rather than its target; it
is a no-op for regular files and directories. This is the semantically correct
choice when walking a filesystem tree, regardless of the netboot use case.

Surfaced by armbian#9656 (netboot extension); applies to any extension
that performs reset_uid_owner over a real rootfs tree on host.

Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
Whitespace-only fixes picked up by shfmt — comment column alignment in
configuration/main-config.sh, tab indent on a stray line, and a stripped
trailing blank line in rootfs/rootfs-create.sh. No behavioural change.

Signed-off-by: Igor Velkov <325961+iav@users.noreply.github.com>
…fore probe (codex P2)

The deploy probe at `extension_prepare_config__060_netboot_deploy_probe_target`
was passing ${NETBOOT_DEPLOY_SSH_KEY} directly to ssh via `-i`, but
that path is the host-bind-mounted file owned by the host user. OpenSSH
refuses identity files whose owner is neither root nor the current
user, so probe fails with 'Bad owner' even on CI/batch credentials
that would work fine at deploy time — the deploy hook already copies
the key to a root-owned scratch path (lines 354-369). Mirror the
deploy's scratch-key handling in the probe so the same configuration
exercises the same auth chain at both phases.

Cleanup runs right after the probe completes (no subshell EXIT trap
here — the function lives in the caller's scope, a trap would leak).

Reported by chatgpt-codex on PR armbian#9656.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.7
`declare exclude_home="--exclude=\"/home/*\""` evaluates to a single
string `--exclude="/home/*"` — the inner quotes are part of the
value, not shell syntax. Bash does not re-parse quotes stored in
variables, so when expanded unquoted on the rsync command line rsync
receives `--exclude="/home/*"` as the pattern (with literal quote
characters). /home then matches nothing, gets copied through, and
`--delete-excluded` cannot purge stale home directories.

Switch to an array of plain arguments: `exclude_home=(--exclude=/home/*)`.
The catch-all bash quoting around the value goes away, the single
glob char is fine inside a single-element array literal because the
array is bound before any pathname expansion would happen, and
`"${exclude_home[@]}"` on the rsync command line expands to zero
arguments when ${INCLUDE_HOME_DIR}=yes (array empty) or one argument
`--exclude=/home/*` otherwise. Both call sites (lines 61 and 203)
updated.

Pre-existing since c45a63e (2023-11-21), surfaced by chatgpt-codex
review on PR armbian#9656 while netboot work touched the surrounding
function.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.7
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🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh (1)

47-50: ⚡ Quick win

Serialize exclude_home for run_host_command_logged.

run_host_command_logged rebuilds the command with bash -c "$*", so forwarding "${exclude_home[@]}" here loses the array’s quoting guarantees again. Please pass the array through ${exclude_home[*]@Q} (or keep a helper-safe quoted string) at both rsync call sites.

Suggested change
-			"${exclude_home[@]}" \
+			${exclude_home[*]@Q} \
@@
-				"${exclude_home[@]}" \
+				${exclude_home[*]@Q} \

Based on learnings, in Armbian shell scripts arrays passed through run_host_command_logged should use ${array[*]@Q} because the helper re-parses arguments via bash -c "$*".

Also applies to: 57-65, 199-207

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh` around lines 47 - 50, The array
exclude_home is declared to avoid embedded quote characters but is being
forwarded through run_host_command_logged which rebuilds commands with bash -c
"$*", so you must serialize the array to preserve quoting: replace any use of
"${exclude_home[@]}" passed into run_host_command_logged/rsync with
"${exclude_home[*]@Q}" (or construct a helper-safe quoted string variable) at
both rsync call sites and the other occurrences that forward this array through
run_host_command_logged (e.g., the blocks invoking rsync where exclude_home is
appended); ensure the serialized form is used in the command arguments passed to
run_host_command_logged so rsync receives the correct --exclude pattern.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Nitpick comments:
In `@lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh`:
- Around line 47-50: The array exclude_home is declared to avoid embedded quote
characters but is being forwarded through run_host_command_logged which rebuilds
commands with bash -c "$*", so you must serialize the array to preserve quoting:
replace any use of "${exclude_home[@]}" passed into
run_host_command_logged/rsync with "${exclude_home[*]@Q}" (or construct a
helper-safe quoted string variable) at both rsync call sites and the other
occurrences that forward this array through run_host_command_logged (e.g., the
blocks invoking rsync where exclude_home is appended); ensure the serialized
form is used in the command arguments passed to run_host_command_logged so rsync
receives the correct --exclude pattern.

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between f9e363c and 7aa19b8.

📒 Files selected for processing (2)
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh
  • lib/functions/image/rootfs-to-image.sh
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
  • extensions/netboot/netboot-deploy.sh

iav added 2 commits May 12, 2026 04:53
…d_logged (coderabbit)

CodeRabbit noted that `run_host_command_logged` rebuilds its argv via
`bash -c "$*"`, so an array passed as "${exclude_home[@]}" loses
its quoting at the bash -c re-parse step and the pattern's '*' becomes
a glob candidate again.

Switch to a single-quoted string carried inside the variable's value:
`exclude_home="'--exclude=/home/*'"`. Used $exclude_home unquoted
at the call sites:
- Empty case (INCLUDE_HOME_DIR=yes): variable is empty → expansion is
  zero args → rsync sees nothing.
- Non-empty case: expansion is one word `'--exclude=/home/*'` whose
  embedded single-quotes survive bash -c re-parse and hide the '*'
  from globbing, so rsync gets the literal pattern.

Cleaner than ${array[*]@q} which would emit a literal `''` (two-char
quoted-empty) on the empty-array path and pass an empty arg to rsync.

Reported by coderabbit on PR armbian#9656 review of 7aa19b8.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.7
…r /dev/nfs

update-initramfs runs four times during an nfs-root build:

  1. linux-image kernel-install (in chroot, before customize_image)
  2. post_customize_image__netboot_request_root_path (this extension)
  3. post_customize_image__netboot_initramfs_watchdog   (this extension)
  4. any later kernel-package upgrade on the running netboot host

Each call emits the cosmetic warning

  W: Couldn't identify type of root file system '/dev/nfs' for fsck hook

because initramfs-tools can't classify /dev/nfs and the fsck hook is
unconditionally probed. fsck is meaningless on an NFS-mounted root, so
ship /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/netboot-no-fsck with FSCKFIX=no.

Installed via a new post_customize_image hook ordered before the existing
request_root_path / watchdog hooks (definition order in extension files
maps to hook invocation order), so calls 2-4 above pick it up. Call 1
runs before customize_image hooks and still emits the warning once;
suppressing it would require an earlier hook point that doesn't fit this
extension.

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.7
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